Math at work · HVAC and plumbing, worked out

The Pipe Wrench

The math of heating, cooling and plumbing, one step at a time: BTU, tons and watts, airflow and ducts, heat loss through a wall, gallons in a pipe, fill times, water pressure, drain slope and water heaters. Plain unit changes are on the Measuring Tape, watts and volts on the Circuit Board.

For learning and trade-school practice. Sizing a real system needs a full load calculation (such as ACCA Manual J for heating and cooling, Manual D for ducts) and your local code. The numbers here are the textbook formulas (1.08, 0.433, 8.33 …) at standard conditions, not a design.

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The work

Say it out loud

    Given numbers are kept exact, as fractions, until a step rounds; every step that rounds says so.